- 3. Chemical Stability TiO2 is chemically stable and does not react with other ingredients in cosmetic formulations. This makes it a reliable and long-lasting ingredient in various cosmetic products.
Faber argued there hasn't been enough change in these federal regulations in the decades following the FDA's approval of titanium dioxide – especially as others increasingly point to potential health consequences.
- However, China's dominance in rutile titanium dioxide manufacturing is not without challenges
Lithopone can also be used as raw material of putty to fill gaps; Adding 20% lithopone to the concrete to make artificial quartz without harming its light resistance and solidification; It can improve the impact resistance and electrical performance when used in fire safety polyester chemicals; These are the raw materials of audio vinyl records used for turbojet engine dye and thermal insulation coating and insulating layer.
- The use of TIO2 as a pigment is another area where it revolutionizes manufacturing processes. Its brightness and exceptional ability to reflect light and heat make it ideal for paints, plastics, paper, and other materials where durability and appearance are paramount. By enhancing product quality and longevity, factories can improve their output and meet higher standards set by consumers and regulatory bodies alike.
Freshwater algae show low-to-moderate susceptibility to TiO2 exposure, with more pronounced toxic effects in the presence of UV irradiation. It has also been shown that nano-sized TiO2 is significantly more toxic to algae Pseudokirchneriella sub-capitata than submicron-sized TiO2. Hund-Rinke and Simon reported that UV irradiated 25 nm TiO2 NPs are more toxic to green freshwater algae Desmodesmus subspicatus than UV irradiated 50 nm particles, which is in agreement with Hartmann et al. UV irradiated TiO2 NPs also inactivated other algae species such as Anabaena, Microcystis, Melsoira and Chroococcus. It was demonstrated that smaller particles have a greater potential to penetrate the cell interior than submicron-sized particles and larger aggregates. Studies have shown that the amount of TiO2 adsorbed on algal cells can be up to 2.3 times their own weight.
- Titanium dioxide's chemical stability and non-toxicity in most forms contribute to its popularity. Nevertheless, it is crucial to understand that like any other chemical substance, TiO2 can pose potential risks when mishandled or inhaled in large quantities. Dust particles, particularly in powdered form, can create respiratory hazards, necessitating proper handling and storage protocols.
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a naturally occurring mineral that is mined from the earth, processed and refined, and added to a variety of foods, as well as other consumer products. White in color, it is used to enhance the color and sheen of certain foods and is also key for food safety applications. In its natural state it exists in different bulk crystalline forms, such as anatase and rutile, but during processing it is ground into a very fine powder.
- One of the key benefits of dissolvable titanium dioxide is its potential applications in pharmaceuticals, food, and cosmetics industries. In these sectors, the ability to dissolve can enhance product efficacy, improve bioavailability, and minimize environmental impact. Moreover, it finds use in environmental remediation, where its photocatalytic properties can break down pollutants when dissolved.
Available studies in humans and postmortem analysis of tissues suggested that the oral bioavailability of titanium dioxide in humans is very low. JECFA noted that there are currently no epidemiological studies that allow any conclusions to be drawn with respect to an association between dietary exposure titanium dioxide and human health effects.

rutile titanium dioxide dhr-966. sr-2377 r5566 r218 r996 thr6666. It is commonly used in the production of plastics, PVC, and masterbatches due to its ability to improve the color and strength of the final products. Additionally, R218 is easy to disperse and mix, making it a convenient option for manufacturers looking to streamline their production processes.
Résumé–Cet article traite de la découverte de lithopone phosphorescent sur des dessins à l'aquarelle, datés entre 1890 et 1905, de l'artiste Américain John La Farge et de l'histoire du lithopone dans l'industrie des pigments à la fin du 19e et au début du 20e siècle. Malgré de nombreuses qualités souhaitables pour une utilisation en tant que blanc dans les aquarelles et les peintures à l'huile, le développement du lithopone comme pigment pour artistes a été compliqué de par sa tendance à noircir lorsqu'il est exposé au soleil. Sa disponibilité et son usage par les artistes demeurent incertains parce que les catalogues des marchands de couleurs n'étaient généralement pas explicites à indiquer si les pigments blancs contenaient du lithopone. De plus, lors d'un examen visuel, le lithopone peut être confondu avec le blanc de plomb et sa phosphorescence de courte durée peut facilement être ignorée par l'observateur non averti. À ce jour, le lithopone phosphorescent a seulement été documenté sur une autre œuvre: une aquarelle de Van Gogh. En plus de l'histoire de la fabrication du lithopone, cet article décrit le mécanisme de sa phosphorescence et son identification à l'aide de la spectroscopie Raman et de la spectrofluorimétrie.
While Skittles don't include white in their line-up, Dr. Johnson-Arbor theorizes that titanium dioxide is used to help contain all the other beautiful colors.
≥ 5 % of standard sample
However, most dermatologists will warn their patients not to rely on mineral makeup alone in order to be protected by the sun’s rays. This is because there can be quite a bit of variation with mineral foundation – not only with how much we apply but how much titanium dioxide the foundation contains.
Until relevant toxicological and human exposure data that would enable reliable risk assessment are obtained, TiO2 nanoparticles should be used with great care.
What is titanium dioxide? Why is it used in food products?
While IARC listed titanium dioxide as “possibly carcinogenic to humans,” they also add that “there is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of titanium dioxide.” Of the four human studies that they reviewed, only one showed a potential risk for occupational workers inhaling titanium dioxide particles and lung cancer, while the other three showed no risk for cancer at all. And it’s key to note that IARC did not assess the effects of titanium dioxide found in foods.
The refractive index of binders used in coatings and inks is around 1.55. Titanium Dioxide is preferably used as a scattering source because the pigment does not absorb visible light and it has a high refractive index.
In a review published in 2022 in the journal Archives of Toxicology, researchers found that the ingestion of E171 is a “a definite health risk for consumers and their progeny.” After reviewing dozens of in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro studies on the toxicity of E171, the researchers wrote that two facts must be noted: “First, reprotoxicity studies show that animals of both sexes are impacted by the toxicity of these nanoparticles, underlining the importance of conducting in vivo studies using both male and female animals. Second, human exposure begins in utero via maternal-fetal transfer and continues after birth by breastfeeding. Children are then chronically re-exposed due to their food preferences. To be relevant to the human in vivo situation, experimental studies should therefore consider nanoparticle exposure with respect to the age or life period of the studied population.”


The applications in which it can be used are paints, inks, plastics, elastomers, paper, fillers, adhesives…