- The Chinese titanium dioxide industry has experienced rapid growth over the past two decades, driven by the expansion of its construction and manufacturing sectors. This growth, however, has raised concerns about the associated carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The production process of TiO2 involves energy-intensive steps, such as roasting and hydrolysis, which can emit substantial amounts of greenhouse gases, primarily CO2.
- As a pigment in paper manufacturing, titanium dioxide is used to create bright, white paper products


3. Lithopone can be used as a filler for leather and linoleum.
In 2016, the European Food Safety Authority, or EFSA, assessed titanium dioxide and determined that the evidence available at the time didn’t conclusively point to any health problems for consumers.
BaSO4 + 4C=BaS + 4CO
States looking to ban titanium dioxide as a food additive
Lithopone 30% applied in masterbatch has maximum purity, good opacity and reasonable light fastness.
3. The calcined product obtained by the ordinary zinc bismuth method is slurried into a slurry, which is sequentially treated with sodium silicate, aluminum sulfate or sodium aluminate and a surfactant, and then filtered, washed, dried and pulverized.
Titanium IV oxide, also known as titanium dioxide, is a popular and versatile compound that is used in various industries. It is a white pigment and is commonly found in products such as sunscreen, paints, food coloring, and even in some medications. This versatile compound has unique properties that make it an essential ingredient in many products.
In a review published in 2022 in the journal Archives of Toxicology, researchers found that the ingestion of E171 is a “a definite health risk for consumers and their progeny.” After reviewing dozens of in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro studies on the toxicity of E171, the researchers wrote that two facts must be noted: “First, reprotoxicity studies show that animals of both sexes are impacted by the toxicity of these nanoparticles, underlining the importance of conducting in vivo studies using both male and female animals. Second, human exposure begins in utero via maternal-fetal transfer and continues after birth by breastfeeding. Children are then chronically re-exposed due to their food preferences. To be relevant to the human in vivo situation, experimental studies should therefore consider nanoparticle exposure with respect to the age or life period of the studied population.”
In summary, the Food Directorate's position is that there is no conclusive scientific evidence that the food additive TiO2 is a concern for human health. This is based on a review of the available scientific data relevant to food uses of TiO2. However, we will continue to monitor the emerging science on the safety of TiO2 as a food additive and may revisit our position if new scientific information becomes available.
The major applications studied in the report include paints & coatings, plastics, printing inks, paper & pulps, rubber, leather, linoleum, and others. Region-wise, the market is studied across North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and LAMEA. Presently, Asia-Pacific accounts for the largest share of the market, followed by North America and Europe.
White crystalline powder. It is a mixture of zinc sulfide and barium sulfate. The more zinc sulfide it contains, the stronger the hiding power and the higher the quality. Density 4.136~4.34 g/cm3, insoluble in water. It easily decomposes when exposed to acid to produce hydrogen sulfide gas, but does not work when exposed to hydrogen sulfide and alkaline solutions. It turns into light gray after being exposed to ultraviolet rays in the sun for 6 to 7 hours, but it still returns to its original color when placed in a dark place. It is easy to oxidize in the air and will agglomerate and deteriorate when exposed to moisture.
The committee could not finalize the assessment of some other flavoring agents, requiring further information. JECFA highlighted the importance of receiving complete data submissions from the sponsors for conducting the safety evaluation.