-50 °C to + 150 °C
When replacing spark plugs, it is important to follow the manufacturer's recommendations for the correct type and gap setting. Using the wrong spark plugs can lead to engine misfires and poor performance. Additionally, it is essential to properly torque the spark plugs to prevent damage to the cylinder head.
Figure 7: Oil seals for steel production equipment (rolling mill)


Automotive rubber gaskets are widely used in various vehicle systems for their flexibility, resilience, and sealing properties. These gaskets are employed in applications such as engines, transmissions, and exhaust systems, providing reliable sealing solutions to prevent fluid or gas leakage. The versatility and durability of automotive rubber gaskets make them essential components in maintaining the integrity and efficiency of vehicle systems.
There is a British Standard laid down for the control of synthetic rubbers. BS 3574 (1989) helps to determine shelf life – for instance, Nitrile (NBR) and Polyacrylic (ACM) are Group ‘B’ rubbers and have a 7-year life, whilst Silicone (VMQ) and Fluoroelastomers (Viton®) are Group ‘C’ rubbers and have a 10-year shelf life. PTFE and Leather do not come into this category but like the others should be kept in the original packing for as long as possible away from direct light, dust, and humidity. Ozone, which can also be produced by battery-driven forklift trucks has a very bad effect on synthetic rubbers. Finally, protect the sealing lip – DO NOT hang the seals on nails, wire etc.
Renault/BPW