Valve stem seal
ERIKS type M (type B according to the DIN standard) has a single metal casing and rubber sealing lip. Since the casing is made of metal, it must be fitted in a well-finished, undamaged groove. Large volumes of oil seals with metal casings are often cheaper, which is why they are often used as original equipment in machines. However, if an oil seal has to be replaced, types with a rubber exterior (type R or RST) are easier to fit. Type MST is similar to M and commonly used. The difference is the dust lip in the MST oil seal that prevents dust and dirt reaching the sealing lip, and extends its service life in dusty environments.

thick rubber gasket. This makes them ideal for outdoor and harsh environment applications where other materials may deteriorate quickly. Additionally, rubber gaskets are non-conductive and can provide an effective barrier against electrical currents, reducing the risk of electrical hazards.
Table 5: Major rubber materials and their operational temperature ranges
In this guide, we will dwell deeply on oil seals and discuss everything that you need to know, such as what it is, how it works, why it fails sometimes, materials used in making it, factors to consider in choosing the right one for your application, and so on.
Modern engine concepts, like higher engine speeds and oil temperatures, longer intervals between oil changes and lubricants with modern additives, require new solutions for dynamic seals. They have to withstand the high loads lastingly. PTFE technology is the answer, since it perfectly meets these demands.
Halogen lights are in fact the most commonly used headlights on most cars. Their invention dates back to the 1960s which was as a solution towards generating light with limited resources. Just like the incandescent lights, halogens use heated tungsten filament to produce light. The filament is however encased in a bubble of halogen gas unlike the incandescent, as a measure towards improving longevity and performance. These lights are easy to manufacture making the manufacturing process inexpensive. Moreover replacement costs are also very low. Halogen lights can fit most cars of different models as they come in different sizes and shapes. These lights however do not provide the best visibility as the white HID bulbs and LEDs. Quite a large amount of heat is lost while using these headlights and hence wasted energy. Moreover, they are very fragile requiring extra care unlike the LEDs and HID
Fluorine rubber (FKM, Viton™)